In Little Sisters of the Poor v. Pennsylvania, the Supreme Court held that federal agencies had statutory authority to issue the challenged contraceptive-coverage exemptions and had satisfied the procedural issue before it; the decision did not hold that the 2017 executive order itself created a blanket constitutional exemption.

On 2017-05-04, Donald Trump directed the Treasury Department, to the extent permitted by law, not to take adverse action against religious organizations for specified moral or political speech and directed three departments to consider amended regulations addressing conscience-based objections to the preventive-care mandate.