Minority Views, Report on Russian Active Measures
Reporting cited here
- documented
Trump denied it flatly in 2017. He had signed a letter of intent in 2015, and a named Moscow licensing effort ran through the campaign. The project never left the proposal stage and no payment is established.
Pages 49-51 on the 2015 Trump Tower Moscow letter of intent, named intermediaries, licensing terms, and campaign-period negotiationsThe Russian Money Test — Audit finding · Cited analysis
- documented
Trump signed a nonbinding letter of intent for a Trump Tower Moscow licensing project with Russian developer IC Expert Investment Company; Michael Cohen negotiated for the Trump Organization through intermediary Felix Sater.
Pages 49-51 on the 2015 Trump Tower Moscow letter of intent, named intermediaries, licensing terms, and campaign-period negotiationsThe Russian Money Test — The record · The record
- documented
Trump personally signed the October 2015 letter of intent after approving Michael Cohen's Trump Organization negotiations; Felix Sater acted as the named intermediary.
Pages 49-51 on the 2015 Trump Tower Moscow letter of intent, named intermediaries, licensing terms, and campaign-period negotiationsThe Russian Money Test — The record · The record
- documented
The project was not built, but negotiations and proposed Russia travel continued during the presidential campaign through June 2016 before the effort ended; no completed payment is established in this case.
Pages 49-51 on the 2015 Trump Tower Moscow letter of intent, named intermediaries, licensing terms, and campaign-period negotiationsThe Russian Money Test — Outcome · Outcome
- documented
The cited records establish a signed proposed licensing instrument and campaign-period negotiations, not a completed tower, realized Russian payment, sanctions violation, Russian state ownership, illegality, or policy influence.
Pages 49-51 on the 2015 Trump Tower Moscow letter of intent, named intermediaries, licensing terms, and campaign-period negotiationsThe Russian Money Test — Evidentiary limit · Evidentiary limit